Legal and Government Documents

These materials include correspondence, financial documents, and legal documents regarding a request by Carlisle Superintendent Moses Friedman to give financial power of attorney to the school's financial clerk during Friedman's absences. The request was denied.

These materials include correspondence regarding an application made by Leta Meyers to enroll at the Carlisle Indian School after having attended the Hampton Institute. Meyers was denied enrollment based on her heritage. Her father appealed the decision to F. H. Abbott, who upheld the decision.

These materials include correspondence, a supplies list, and a survey regarding unserviceable property at the Carlisle Indian School. Some of the condemned materials were approved for sale on the open market.

Anna H. Ridenour worked as matron at Carlisle from January of 1912 until her resignation in late May of 1914. She started work in the Indian Service in 1897.

This folder includes document related to her time employed at Carlisle. Arranged in reverse chronological order, the documents cover her resignation, the charges levelled against her…

This folder contains records related to Marianne C. Moore's employment as business teacher at Carlisle. She was employed from September 14, 1911 until September 30, 1914. 

Arranged in reverse chronological order, this folder mainly consists of correspondence about Moore's resignation, her quality of work while employed, and her…

Physical exam form for Albert Whirlwind, a member of the Sioux Nation. The form is dated November 6, 1913, signed by the Carlisle school physician.

No other information can be found for Albert Whirlwind. His name does not appear in the admissions ledger nor in the quarterly enrollment report for December 31, 1913 (which would cover the…

These materials include legal documents and correspondence regarding charges filed against Superintendent Moses Friedman after an inspection and investigation of the Carlisle Indian School. Included in the documents are the official charges against Friedman, his answers to those charges, correspondence regarding the charges, and the…

This affidavit summarizes information supplied by Clara Spotted Horse Yellowtail who attended Carlisle as Clara Spotted Horse. Yellowtail swears that she only saw alcohol in the Superintendent's house one time, when Mary Friedman broke her hip.

In Inspector Linnen's main report for the 1914 Congressional investigation at Carlisle, this…

These materials include correspondence, a supplies list, and a survey regarding unserviceable property at the Carlisle Indian School. Some of the condemned materials were approved for sale on the open market.

In this affidavit, Julia Hardin answers questions from Indian Inspector Linnen about an incident where she was beaten by the music teacher at the school Claude Stauffer. She explains that the conflict started when she signed-up to go on outing but was expected to leave before she had her belongings prepared.

In Inspector Linnen's main…

In this affidavit Claude Stauffer answers questions about whether he has any agricultural training, a 1913 incident wherein he beat a student, and the practice of having musical accompaniment for lowering the flag. After the affidavit itself is a document signed by the stenographer who took down the conversation, Beatrice Herman.

In…

Principal teacher at Carlisle John Whitwell recounts his perspective on an incident of corporal punishment at the school. 

In Inspector Linnen's main report for the 1914 Congressional investigation at Carlisle, this document is labelled Exhibit E-1.

Note: This content contains information about an incident of corporal…

Will H. Miller, financial clerk at Carlisle, answers questions about the conversation he overheard between Inspector Edward B. Linnen and music teacher Claude M. Stauffer regarding an affidavit Stauffer refused to sign. 

In Inspector Linnen's main report for the 1914 Congressional investigation at Carlisle, this document is labelled…

The typed transcript of Alvis Morrin's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time Morrin was a student at Carlisle.

In his testimony Morrin discusses the poor quality of the food served to the students and the lack of silverware.

In the published version of this testimony Morrin's testimony…

A typed transcript of Edward Bracklin's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time Bracklin was a student at Carlisle.

Bracklin first discusses the tension between the student body and Superintendent Friedman then testifies to the poor health and safety conditions of the school (lack of towels, lack…

The typed transcript of Ella Fox's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time Fox was a student at Carlisle.

Fox declares that no female student likes the matron Anna Ridenour and expresses her distaste for Superintendent Friedman's use of the word "savage."

In the published form of this…

A typed transcript of Henry Broker's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time Broker was a student at Carlisle.

Broker testifies about unfair expulsion during Superintendent Friedman's administration especially as it related to complaints about school staff reading student correspondence.

In…

The typed transcript of Hiram Chase's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time Chase was a student at Carlisle.

In his testimony Chase critiques Superintendent Friedman's arbitrary expulsion of students. He also answers questions regarding student acts of insubordination and alcohol consumption at…

The typed transcript of Jeanette Pappin's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time Pappin was a student at Carlisle. In this document she is referred to as Jeannette Patten.

Pappin discusses the harsh demeanour of the Matron Anna Ridenour and friction between the students and Superintendent Friedman…

A typed transcript of John Gibson's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time Gibson was a student at Carlisle.

Gibson discusses the faulty advertising and management of the school's trade programs, the removal of Dr. James W. W. Walker as Y.M.C.A. advisor, and the poor quality food provisions.

A typed transcript of Louis Brown's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time Brown was a student at Carlisle.

Brown discusses the use of force by the disciplinarians of the school and the biased way punishment is given. He claims that students receive punishments disproportionate to the offence they…

The typed transcript of Mamie Richardson's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time Richardson was a student at Carlisle. In the testimony she is referred to as May Richardson.

Richardson discusses the friction between the female students and Matron Anna Ridenour, her inability to take music lessons…

The typed transcript of Montreville Yuda's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time Yuda was working in Chambersburg, having enrolled at Carlisle in September 8, 1908 and been discharged from the school under uncertain circumstances on May 19, 1913.

Yuda first testifies regarding the circumstances…

A typed transcript of Peter Eastman's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time Eastman was a student at Carlisle.

Eastman discusses unjust punishment, the strained relationship between Superintendent Friedman and the student body, and the removal of Dr. James W. W. Walker as Y.M.C.A. advisor at the…

The typed transcript of Rosa B. La Flesche's testimony before the Joint Commission to Investigate Indian Affairs. At the time La Flesche worked at Carlisle as the Outing Manager, though she previously attended the school under the name Rosa Bourassa.

In her testimony La Flesche critiques Superintendent Friedman's administration in regards…