Images

Students posed preparing food in the kitchen. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption KITCHEN appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 17]. 

Three male students and a white man posed preparing loaves of bread. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption BAKERY appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 22]. 

Three male students posed with trays of baked bread; one student is removing a tray of bread from the oven. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption REMOVING BREAD FROM OVENS appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 23]. 

Five male students and one female student posed working to set type in the print shop. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption TYPE SETTING appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 25].

Male and female students posed with white female teacher in a classroom with laboratory equipment. 

The Cumberland County Historical Society's cataloging idenfies this as "Miss Cutter's Physics Class." 

Johnston took two very similar photographs of this classroom group. The other version can be seen in Related Images.

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption TENTH GRADE, SENIOR CLASS appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 82]. 

Male students posed standing and kneeling weeding a field with a white man seated looking on. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption WEEDING DETAIL appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 92].

Young male and female students posed standing at the front of a classroom with a female white teacher. A lesson about "Buds" is written on the blackboard. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675516/.  

The male students of the band, posed with their instruments, seated and standing at the bandstand. The band director, Joel Bernice Ettinger, is standing front and center with the baton. Future band director James Riley Wheelock is seated just to his left. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675520/.  

Male and female students posed with white female teacher in a classroom with laboratory equipment. 

Johnston took two very similar photographs of this classroom group. The other version can be seen in Related Images.

The Cumberland County Historical Society's cataloging of the other version of this image idenfies this as "Miss Cutter's Physics Class." 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675521/  

Female students posed at ironing boards. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675525/.  

A female student, seated, two female student nurses, standing and standing one white female nurse posed in the dispensary in the school hospital. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675527/.

The Cumberland County Historical Society also has a copy of this image, JO-03-06.

This image appears with the caption CORNER IN DISPENSARY in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 66].

Richard Henry Pratt, his wife and children, teachers and probably school staff, posed on the steps of a school building. Two male students are standing on the porch of the building, presumably not supposed to be part of the photograph. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675526/.  

Teacher, Emma Foster, posed reclining in a chair reading a book. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008678878/.

Small male and female students posed in a classroom with a teacher, two of them examining plants. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/90705751/.  

This image with the caption NORMAL ROOM appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 69].

A view looking south, down Garrison Lane towards the Guard House. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. This is one of those photographs.

This image with the caption GUARD HOUSE appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 14].

Male and female students and a white female teacher posed around a table, with glasses and bottles, and a male student seated with a cello. On the blackboard behind them is written "Experiment IX." 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675518/ . 

Five male students posed working with saws and hammers on the top of a stone wall with a white man looking on. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption COPING STONE FENCES appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 33].

Male students seated as an audience with four male students in front of room, one taking minutes, one standing  facing the group, and two seated at a desk. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

The Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection at the Library of Congress also contains a print of this photograph. A copy of that print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/98503028/.  

This image with the caption STANDARD DEBATING SOCIETY appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 57]. 

Female students in white dresses posed playing croquet on the school grounds next to the bandstand. A white man with a lawnmower stands watching them and other female students are posed in the background, walking and seated.

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

The Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection at the Library of Congress also contains a print of this photograph. A copy of that print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/98503031/.

This image with the caption CROQUET appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 13].

Male students seated as audience facing a male student addressing the group from a podium. A white female teacher and four male students are seated behind the speaker. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

Johnston took two very similar photographs of this classroom. The other version can be seen in Related Images.

This image with the caption Y. M. C. A. appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 55].

Two male students in uniform posed seated at a table reading. They are in the corner of a room with extensive decorations hung on the walls, with a washstand and a trunk on either side of the table. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

The Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection at the Library of Congress also contains a print of this photograph. A copy of that print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675519/  

This image with the caption BOYS' BEDROOM appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 60].

Four younger male students posed seated at a table reading with two older male students standing, also reading. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

The Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection at the Library of Congress also contains a print of this photograph. A copy of that print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2003655521/.  

This image with the caption SMALL BOYS' READING ROOM appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p.53]. 

Group of seated male students facing two male students seated at a desk on a dais and one male student standing as if to address the group. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

The Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection at the Library of Congress also contains a print of this photograph. A copy of that print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675522/.  

This image with the caption INVINCIBLE DEBATING SOCIETY appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 58].

Younger male and female students posed in the Sloyd Classroom. 

Sloyd is a system of handicraft-based education thought to build character and encourage moral behavior, greater intelligence, and industriousness.  

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption SLOYD CLASS, SMALLEST PUPILS appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p.83].

Columns of male students exercising in unison with wands. In this image the students are standing holding the wands in front of them. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.