Images

Three male students and a white man posed preparing loaves of bread. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption BAKERY appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 22]. 

Three male students posed with trays of baked bread; one student is removing a tray of bread from the oven. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption REMOVING BREAD FROM OVENS appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 23]. 

Male and female students posed with white female teacher in a classroom with laboratory equipment. 

The Cumberland County Historical Society's cataloging idenfies this as "Miss Cutter's Physics Class." 

Johnston took two very similar photographs of this classroom group. The other version can be seen in Related Images.

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption TENTH GRADE, SENIOR CLASS appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 82]. 

Male and female students posed with white female teacher in the school's art studio. Students are standing or sitting in front of easels.

Johnston took another very similar photograph of students in the art studio. It is linked in Related Images. Interestingly, the artwork visible on the easels remains the same, but the students appear to change.

The Cumberland County Historical Society's cataloging indicates that the teacher was Elizabeth Forster, who later married William Beitzel.

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums. 

This image appears with the caption ART STUDIO in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 85].

Male students posed standing at tables in the shoe shop, repairing shoes. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

The Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection at the Library of Congress also contains a print of this photograph: https://www.loc.gov/item/2018661658/  

This image with the caption SHOE SHOP - REPAIR DEPARTMENT appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 36]. 

Female students posed in sewing room with two white instructors at right. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image appears with the caption DRESSMAKING SECTION in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 49].

Young students posed in a classroom. 

The Cumberland County Historical Society's cataloging identifies this as Miss McIntire's classroom. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image appears with the caption NORMAL ROOM in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 68].

Male and female students posed in a classroom with a white male teacher. Three male students are standing at the rear of the room holding open books. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/96512679/.  

This image appears with the caption SIXTH GRADE  in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 77]. 

The male students of the band, posed with their instruments, seated and standing at the bandstand. The band director, Joel Bernice Ettinger, is standing front and center with the baton. Future band director James Riley Wheelock is seated just to his left. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675520/.  

Columns of male students exercising in unison with wands. In this image the students are standing holding the wands in front of them. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

Younger male and female students posed in the Sloyd Classroom. 

Sloyd is a system of handicraft-based education thought to build character and encourage moral behavior, greater intelligence, and industriousness.  

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption SLOYD CLASS, SMALLEST PUPILS appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p.83].

Group of seated male students facing two male students seated at a desk on a dais and one male student standing as if to address the group. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

The Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection at the Library of Congress also contains a print of this photograph. A copy of that print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675522/.  

This image with the caption INVINCIBLE DEBATING SOCIETY appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 58].

Four younger male students posed seated at a table reading with two older male students standing, also reading. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

The Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection at the Library of Congress also contains a print of this photograph. A copy of that print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2003655521/.  

This image with the caption SMALL BOYS' READING ROOM appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p.53]. 

Two male students in uniform posed seated at a table reading. They are in the corner of a room with extensive decorations hung on the walls, with a washstand and a trunk on either side of the table. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

The Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection at the Library of Congress also contains a print of this photograph. A copy of that print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675519/  

This image with the caption BOYS' BEDROOM appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 60].

Male students seated as audience facing a male student addressing the group from a podium. A white female teacher and four male students are seated behind the speaker. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

Johnston took two very similar photographs of this classroom. The other version can be seen in Related Images.

This image with the caption Y. M. C. A. appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 55].

Female students in white dresses posed playing croquet on the school grounds next to the bandstand. A white man with a lawnmower stands watching them and other female students are posed in the background, walking and seated.

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

The Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection at the Library of Congress also contains a print of this photograph. A copy of that print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/98503031/.

This image with the caption CROQUET appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 13].

Male students seated as an audience with four male students in front of room, one taking minutes, one standing  facing the group, and two seated at a desk. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

The Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection at the Library of Congress also contains a print of this photograph. A copy of that print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/98503028/.  

This image with the caption STANDARD DEBATING SOCIETY appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 57]. 

Male and female students posed with white female teacher in the school's art studio. Students are standing or sitting in front of easels.

Johnston took another very similar photograph of students in the art studio. It is linked in Related Images. Interestingly, the artwork visible on the easels remains the same, but the students appear to change.

The Cumberland County Historical Society's cataloging indicates that the teacher was Elizabeth Forster, who later married William Beitzel. Violetta Nash is believed to be the seated student near the front of the room.

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/96501744/  

Five male students posed working with saws and hammers on the top of a stone wall with a white man looking on. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption COPING STONE FENCES appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 33].

Young male and female students posed standing at the front of a classroom with a female white teacher. A lesson about "Buds" is written on the blackboard. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675516/.  

Male students posed standing and kneeling weeding a field with a white man seated looking on. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. When the school closed in 1918, two albums of Johnston's photographs were sent to the Pennsylvania State Museum, which transferred them to the Cumberland County Historical Society in 1934. This is one of the images from those albums.

This image with the caption WEEDING DETAIL appears in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 92].

Male and female students posed in a classroom with a white female teacher. On the blackboard at the rear of the room at left is a drawing of a teepee and at right is another drawing. Hanging against the blackboard are Native American textiles, possibly clothing. Native American baskets or pots are sitting on the desks of the students in the front row. The students are reading from small books, and may be studying the poem "The Song of Hiawatha" by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. 

Johnston took three similar photographs of this classroom. One other version can be seen in Related Images. The Cumberland County Historical Society's cataloging of the other image identifies this as a "Ninth Grade Class School Room." The third version has slight differences from this one and is also held by the Library of Congress: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675528/.  

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this image can be downloaded from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/98503023/

Five male students posted working with printing presses. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/98503032/.  

This image appears with the caption PRESS DEPARTMENT  in The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pa.: 23rd Year (Carlisle, PA: The School, 1902) [p. 26]. 

Male students posed standing and sitting on the lawn of the school grounds, with female students in the background. 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/98512039/  

Male and female students and a white female teacher posed around a table, with glasses and bottles, and a male student seated with a cello. On the blackboard behind them is written "Experiment IX." 

In 1901 the Bureau of Indian Affairs contracted with the photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston to document the school at Carlisle for an exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. Johnston visited the school in the spring of that year and took at least one hundred photographs. Johnston donated her personal papers, including 103 prints of the photographs taken at Carlisle, to the Library of Congress.  

A copy of this print is available for download from the Library of Congress website: https://www.loc.gov/item/2008675518/ .